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In the Catholic Church, a consecrated virgin is a woman who has been consecrated by the church to a life of perpetual virginity in the service of God. Consecrated virgins are to spend their time in works of penance and mercy, in apostolic activity and in prayer, according to their state of life and spiritual gifts.〔Consecration to a life of virginity, Praenotanda, Introduction〕 Consecrated virgins should not be confused with consecrated hermits and anchorites, who have a different vocation.〔For the differences between these vocations see the article on Hermits and the definition of the eremitic/anchoritic vocation in (canon 603 of The Code of Canon Law 1983 ), whilst for the canonical definition of the vocation of the Consecrated Virgins see (canon 604 of The Code of Canon Law 1983 ). A major difference according to church law is that consecrated virgins do not publicly profess the Evangelical Counsels. Consecrated virgins are consecrated by the diocesan bishop according to the approved liturgical rite, whereas the consecrated hermits dedicate themselves through publicly professing the three evangelical counsels, confirmed by a vow or other sacred bond.〕 ==History== A life of virginity for the sake of Christ and his Church is an ancient form of Christian religious living already mentioned in the New Testament.〔denoted by the Greek terms ''parthenos'' ("virgin") and ''agamos'' ("unmarried"), e.g. ''hē gunē hē agamos kai hē parthenos …'' ("the unmarried woman and the virgin (for the things of the Lord, how to be holy in body and spirit )"), ''thugateres tessares parthenoi prophēteuousai'' ("four unmarried daughters who prophesied"). Reference is made also to "the unmarried" in the masculine, ''ho agamos'', ''tois agamois'', e.g. , 〕 According to catholic and orthodox thought, the first sacred virgin was Mary, the mother of Jesus, who was consecrated by the Holy Spirit during the Annunciation. Tradition also has it that the Apostle Matthew consecrated virgins. Apostolic era virgins either continued to live with their own family or lived in a private house, because this form of life predated the foundation of religious orders. A number of early Christian martyrs were women or girls who had given themselves to Christ in perpetual virginity, such as Saint Agnes and Saint Lucy. During the Middle Ages, the Rite of Consecration of a virgin who lived in the world gradually fell into disuse although individual bishops continued to bestow the consecration to some virgins. At the same time, the rite of consecration was maintained by nuns in monastic orders, such as the Benedictines and Carthusians. This consecration could be done either concurrently with or some time after the profession of solemn vows. Among Carthusian nuns, there is the unique practice of these virgins being entitled to wear a stole, a vestment otherwise reserved to clergy, which gives them certain liturgical privileges, mostly used during their reading of the Gospel at Matins. It has been speculated by scholars that this is a vestige of the Order of deacon. In 1963 the Second Vatican Council requested a revision of the rite of the consecration of virgins that was found in the Roman Pontifical.〔(Second Vatican Council, Constitution on the Sacred Liturgy, n. 80 )〕 The revised Rite was approved by Pope Paul VI and published in 1970.〔Sacred Congregation for Divine Worship, ''Decree promulgating the new rite for the consecration of a virgin'', 31 May 1970, ''AAS'' 62 (1970) p. 650.〕 This consecration could be bestowed either on women in monastic orders or on women living in the world, which revived the form of life that had been found in the early Church.〔It is a source of joy and hope to witness in our time a new flowering of the ancient Order of Virgins, known in Christian communities ever since apostolic times. Consecrated by the diocesan bishop, these women acquire a particular link with the Church, which they are committed to serve while remaining in the world. Either alone or in association with others, they constitute a special eschatological image of the Heavenly Bride and of the life to come when the Church will at last fully live her love for Christ the Bridegroom. (cf. "Post-Synodal Apostolic Exhortation Vita Consecrata of the Holy Father John Paul II on the Consecrated Life and its Mission in the Church and in the World", Rome, 25 March 1996.)〕 As in the consecrations of baptism, confirmation, and holy orders, the consecration of virgins is bestowed upon virgins and this form of consecration alone in consecrated life is not tied to the profession of vows. Indeed, no vows are made or received in the Rite of Consecration to a Life of Virginity for Women Living in the World. The bishop who confers the consecration, by his ministry makes the virgin a "sacred person". The virgin who receives the consecration is elevated to the consecrated state, which she shares with religious and diocesan hermits. She becomes a member of the Order of Virgins, just as deacons belong to the Order of Deacons. The consecration of virgins living in the world is reserved to bishops alone because bishops represent Christ the Bridegroom and it is to their care virgins are entrusted, who are the images of the Church. The consecration of virgins is one of the most important rites a diocese can celebrate, and the attendance of the priests and the faithful is expected as in the case of ordinations and the Chrism Masses. In 1972 Elizabeth Bailey became the first virgin to be consecrated in England since the 3rd century. 〔http://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/the-vaticans-virgin-soldier-1350786.html〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「consecrated virgin」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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